The canton of Bern is the second largest of all Swiss cantons. It borders the Canton of Jura and the Canton of Solothurn to the north. To the west lie the Canton of Neuchatel, the Canton of Fribourg and Vaud, to the south lies the Valais. East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Lucerne and Aargau.
The canton of Bern is mainly drained by the River Aare and its tributaries. The area of the canton is commonly divided into three areas. The Bernese Highlands (Berner Oberland) lie in the south of the canton and are part of the Alps. The highest elevation in the Bernese Highlands is the Finsteraarhorn with 4274 m. The famous resorts around Interlaken and the Jungfrau (4158 m) are located within this area. Other resrorts in the Bernese Highlands are Thun, Meiringen and Aareschlucht, Grindelwald, Murren and Kandersteg. The whole area is very mountainous and renowed for its scenic beauty. As a result of this tourism is one of the main sources of income in the Bernese Highlands.
The Bernese Midlands (Berner Mittelland) is made up of the valley of the rivers Aare, the river Emme, some of the foothills of the Bernese Alps, as well as the plain around the capital Bern. In the north of the canton of Bern lies the third region: the Lake Region (Seenland) concentrated around Lake Biel.
Tourism is the main source of income in the Bernese Highlands. Other important sectors are agricultures, especially cattle breeding, cheese making and hydroelectric power generation. The Bernese cheese Emmental is known around the world.
In the Bernese Midlands the lands are more fertile. Agriculture is of great importance, but this part of the canton is also the most industrialized. Small and middle-sized businesses are important employers in this part of the canton of Bern. There is a nuclear power plant at Muhleberg.
The area around the Lake Biel is renowed for its wine production.
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